Enabling energy system transition toward decarbonization in Japan through energy service demand reduction

Japan’s mid-century strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% in 2050 would require large-scale energy system transformation and associated increases mitigation costs. Nevertheless, the role of demand reduction, especially reductions related to services such as behavioral changes material use efficiency improvements, have not been sufficiently evaluated. This study aims identify key challenges opportunities decarbonization goal when considering service reduction. To this end, we used a detailed bottom-up model conjunction with an explore their cost implications. The results indicate that final can be cut 37% relative no-policy case through reduction measures. Although lack carbon capture storage cause costs double or more, these economic impacts offset Among sectors, impact industrial is largest, it contributes residual from industry sector. These findings highlight importance measures meeting national climate goals addition technological options.